Here's another example of why I can easily convince the Chinese Communist Party to keep doing what the CPUSSR did not do. Oh, and I do. Maybe actually make wish lists of what you want the oh-so-terrible CCP to do differently? You can't get what you don't ask for. If you think something is impossible it is -- for You.
FOLLOW RICK WILSON.
Thanks, BHO!
Obama will win the Black Muslims and their relatives and thus despite Putin's Palestinian massacre Biden will win the popular vote and electoral college since he will carry Michigan that way WHERE I HAVE MANY RELATIVES.
I have already advised Biden should tout Labor Unions, Reindustrialization, AND Low Taxes. I did a tax law degree and know how to balance the books.
Labor Union line will win Penn, Mich, Wisc. Low taxes and McCains will carry Arizona. Rick Wilson will have best ideas about strategies and tactics to carry Florida (his home state) and Georgia. Remember: TRUMP NEVER WON THE POPULAR VOTE.
If you want to end "Islamic" terrorism all you have to do is point to the Koran, which explicitly prohibits targeting women and children and that good Moslems engage in peaceful Jihad and oppose terrorism because terrorism is unislamic. This is another example of understanding others so you can attain common goals.
Division by zero yields dividends for cryptographers.
https://products.wolframalpha.com/llm-api/documentation
WHERE DO MASS SHOOTINGS COME FROM?
Tactics of Hybrid War
During the past fifteen years, at least, the Russian Federation has waged a remarkably succesfull information war against the USA. The Russian goal ultimately became to divide the USA internally and to spark as much domestic terrorism as possible. This is where all the mass shootings came from, not to mention various drug addictions. Russia's sophisticated and relentless information warfare tactics aim to sow division, undermine democratic institutions, and advance the Kremlin's geopolitical interests.
Russia has engaged in various information warfare tactics, spreading disinformation, conducting false flag operations, and using state-controlled media to influence foreign polities to benefit Russian foreign policy. There are many examples: Russia has a history of using "false flag" operations to justify military aggression, shelling its own troops near Finland in 1939, bombing Russian apartment buildings in 1999 to justify the Chechen war.[1][2][3] and perhaps (probably) involvement in the most recent example the Crocus City Hall incident.
Russia has consolidated state control over media outlets like RT and Sputnik to spread propaganda, falsehoods, misleading information, and half-truths globally.[1] This includes amplifying conspiracy theories, sowing division, and undermining trust in democratic institutions. Russian entities use social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram to spread misinformation and propaganda, by creating fake accounts, spreading divisive content, and exploiting algorithms, they aim to influence public opinion and undermine trust in democratic processes.
Russia has used cyber attacks, subversion, and support for insurgencies as part of its "information confrontation" strategy.[1] Russian cyber attacks targeted US government agencies, political organizations, and critical infrastructure, including attempts to hack into voting systems and spread disinformation during elections, hacking political organizations, spreading disinformation, and attempting to influence voter perceptions. Russia's efforts to discredit US institutions, such as the electoral system, media, and government eroded public trust in the US government, making it more difficult for the US to effectively address domestic challenges.
Russian influence operations aim at shaping public opinion by spreading disinformation and manipulating social media platforms. These operations usually target divisive issues within American society to amplify existing tensions and sow discord leading to domestic violence without any direct Russian involvement on the ground. Russia's information warfare tactics increased polarization and social division and contributed to the growing political and social divisions within the US leading to a rise in domestic extremism and violence.Russia has provided support, both financial and operational, to extremist and fringe groups in the US to exacerbate social and political divisions. The goal is to create chaos, undermine confidence in the electoral process, and potentially sway election outcomes in favor of preferred candidates or policies.
Sources: [1] https://carnegieendowment.org/2023/01/04/no-water-s-edge-russia-s-information-war-and-regime-security-pub-88644
[2] https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-115hhrg27512/html/CHRG-115hhrg27512.htm
[3] https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/mar/24/did-ukraine-war-russian-security-services-neglect-islamist-threat-moscow
[4] https://www.cfr.org/in-brief/why-us-ramped-its-information-war-russia
[5] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disinformation_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine
Russian Tactics and Strategies in Information Warfare Campaigns.
Russia's information warfare is part of a broader hybrid warfare strategy that blurs the lines between war and peace. It is considered a vital tool of the state, used to achieve political objectives regardless of the presence of armed conflict[3]. Unlike the US approach that limits information operations to military operations, Russia continually exploits history, culture, language, and nationalism for political advantage, even in the absence of military conflict[4]. Russian information warfare is highly flexible and adaptive, utilizing various forms and tactics across different contexts to achieve strategic goals. It aligns with Russian IW doctrine and aims at reflexive control[4].
Sources:[1] https://irregularwarfarecenter.org/publications/insights/russian-information-warfare-strategy/
[2] https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/AD1098323.pdf
[3] https://carnegieendowment.org/2022/10/17/russian-information-warfare-conversation-with-dr.-bilyana-lilly-event-7957
[4] https://cyberdefensereview.army.mil/Portals/6/Documents/2022_fall/12_Mullaney.pdf?ver=AUTQuqWAV0vDAeGvWN-dYw%3D%3D
[5] https://foreignpolicy.com/2024/03/09/russia-putin-disinformation-propaganda-hybrid-war/
CASES: NRA, BLM,
Russia sought to and did in fact infiltrate various North American domestic political movements, including Black Lives Matter and the NRA, with the aim of exacerbating divisions and inciting conflict. Here is a summary of the key points regarding Russian interference in these movements:
Russian Infiltration of Black Lives Matter
Russian operatives associated with the Internet Research Agency (IRA) engaged in online campaigns to both support and oppose the Black Lives Matter movement. Activities included mimicking Black Lives Matter activists on social media, purchasing ads to promote the movement, and inciting violence against its supporters. The goal was to exploit racial tensions in the United States and sow discord by promoting conflicting narratives related to police brutality and racial injustice. Russian interference in the 2016 and 2020 US elections included promoting themes related to Black Lives Matter to further polarize American society.
Russian Infiltration of the NRA
Russia conducted a decade-long campaign to infiltrate the NRA, establishing deep ties between Russian entities and the gun rights organization. Alexander Torshin, a Russian politician with connections to Vladimir Putin, played a key role in cultivating ties with the NRA. There were allegations that Russian money may have been funneled through the NRA to support Donald Trump's election campaign in 2016. The NRA denied wrongdoing but did not deny accepting Russian money, raising concerns about potential foreign influence on US elections.
Goal: Incite Violent Conflicts
The overarching objective of Russia's infiltration of these movements was to exploit existing divisions within American society and instigate conflict between different groups, by amplifying polarizing issues and promoting opposing viewpoints within these movements, Russia aimed to undermine social cohesion and democratic institutions in the US and to spark as much domestic chaos, conflict and violence as possible to distract and divide the US internally to benefit Russian foreign policy.
Russia's efforts to infiltrate domestic political movements like Black Lives Matter and the NRA were part of a broader strategy to fuel discord, amplify existing tensions, and manipulate public opinion to destabilize American society.
Bibliography: https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-features/inside-the-decade-long-russian-campaign-to-infiltrate-the-nra-and-help-elect-trump-630054/
https://about.bgov.com/news/russia-meddling-uproar-worsens-as-probe-of-nras-role-is-dropped/
https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/07/24/russias-disinformation-campaigns-are-targeting-african-americans/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia_and_Black_Lives_Matter [5]https://www.wbur.org/npr/590076949/depth-of-russian-politicians-cultivation-of-nra-ties-revealed
DEFENCES AGAINST RUSSIAN DISINFORMATION AND INFORMATION WARFARE:
The Kremlin's use of offensive cyber operations and information warfare poses a threatens democracy. Tactics like election disinformation, coup plots, and protests aim to create conflict and chaos without crossing the threshold of armed conflict. https://www.international.gc.ca/world-monde/issues_development-enjeux_developpement/response_conflict-reponse_conflits/crisis-crises/ukraine-fact-fait.aspx?lang=eng
Russia's information warfare aims at avoiding direct confrontation while assaulting the will of opponents. The battle is for hearts and minds of populations and influence over decision-making processes rather< than traditional measures of success like seizing territory. https://cyberdefensereview.army.mil/Portals/6/Documents/2022_fall/12_Mullaney.pdf Russia's information warfare as an ongoing, fluid phenomenon that requires a comprehensive response. This includes reframing disinformation campaigns as acts of war, restricting access to social media platforms for hostile actors, and forming coalitions to coordinate responses effectively. https://foreignpolicy.com/2024/03/09/russia-putin-disinformation-propaganda-hybrid-war/ Removing fake accounts, improving transparency in political advertising, and enhancing cybersecurity measures are effective measures to counter Russian disinformation. Increased public awareness about the tactics used in information warfare can also help combat disinformation.
Responses by government, tech companies, civil society, and international cooperation [1][2][4] cannot be limited to merely addressing Russian disinformation, but must also tackle domestic sources of pro-Russian disinformation within the US. [1]
Sanctions on Russian state media outlets, disinformation actors, and "influencers" spreading propaganda can limit their reach and impact. [1][2] Social media platforms can remove accounts and content linked to Russian government-backed disinformation campaigns. [1]
Establishing international frameworks and norms to address the cross-border nature of information warfare can also help to defend against information war and disinformation. [2][4]
Pro-Russian disinformation is not just a foreign policy issue, it also has domestic aspects roots that need to be addressed: domestic actors, including far-right groups, that amplify Kremlin-backed narratives for their own political agendas. [1]
Sources: [1] https://www.federaltimes.com/opinions/2023/05/02/how-the-us-government-can-combat-russian-disinformation-on-ukraine/
[2] https://www.csis.org/blogs/post-soviet-post/countering-russian-disinformation
[3] https://www.international.gc.ca/world-monde/issues_development-enjeux_developpement/response_conflict-reponse_conflits/crisis-crises/ukraine-fact-fait.aspx?lang=eng
[4] https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/documents-publications/library/library-blog/posts/the-fight-against-pro-kremlin-disinformation/
[5] https://www.wilsoncenter.org/event/how-lose-information-war-russia-fake-news-and-future-conflict
https://www.newsweek.com/vladimir-putin-fsb-intelligence-moscow-attack-crocus-city-hall-1883987
Strategies: Hybrid War, PSYOPs, Information War
TRADOC (the U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command) does not have a direct definition of "Information Warfare". However, the RAND report[2] provides some insights. Information warfare is not currently defined in joint or Army doctrine, but it is a term found in past doctrine from the mid-1990s. There is debate over the scope of information warfare, with some seeing it as limited to electronic attacks on computers/information systems, while others view it as the broader use of information effectively in warfare. Key functional areas of information warfare include electronic warfare, electromagnetic spectrum operations, computer network operations, and military deception.
Psychological Operations (PSYOP) are planned operations to influence emotions, motives, objective reasoning, and ultimately the behavior of foreign governments, organizations, groups, and individuals. PSYOPS aim to create favorable conditions for the achievement OF strategic, operational, and tactical objectives by exploiting the psychological vulnerabilities of the target audience. PSYOPs are conducted through mass media, social media, and interpersonal communication with the goal of shaping perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors. According to TRADOC, PSYOPs are "planned political, economic, military, and ideological activities directed towards foreign countries, organizations, and individuals in order to create emotions, attitudes, understanding, beliefs, and behavior favorable to the achievement of United States political and military objectives."[3]
PSYOPs were previously known as "psychological warfare" and "propaganda" in earlier military doctrine, but the terminology has evolved over time. [3] In 2010, the Department of Defense directed the Army to replace the term "psychological operations" with "military information support operations (MISO)". However, USASOC later reverted back to using the PSYOP terminology. [3] PSYOP/MISO are considered a critical capability for the U.S. Army during both war and peacetime operations. [3]
TRADOC does not appear to provide a direct definition of "Information Warfare" yet does define PSYOP/MISO as a key military capability for influencing foreign target audiences to support U.S. objectives. The terminology around these concepts has evolved over time within military doctrine.
Sources: [1] https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ADA334511.pdf
[2] https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/monographs/MG1100/MG1113/RAND_MG1113.pdf
[3] https://www.armyupress.army.mil/Journals/Military-Review/Online-Exclusive/2018-OLE/Mar/PSYOP/
[4] https://adminpubs.tradoc.army.mil/pamphlets/TP525-3-1.pdf
[5] https://irp.fas.org/doddir/army/fm3-05-301.pdf
Information warfare is the use of information (true, false, or uncertain) to manipulate, disrupt, deny, degrade, or destroy adversary decision-making and operations while protecting one's own. This includes cyber operations, electronic warfare, psychological operations, deception, and intelligence activities. They are all aimed at achieving strategic objectives. Information warfare seeks to gain advantage by controlling the flow of information, shaping perceptions, and influencing behavior, both on the battlefield and in the broader information environment.
The RAND report "The Sources of Russian Information Warfare" provides a comprehensive overview of Russian information warfare concepts. It explains that Russia views information warfare as a continual tool for political advantage, not just during military conflicts. The report highlights how Russia's approach differs from the more limited U.S. conception of "information operations."
The "Handbook of Russian Information Warfare" from the NATO Defense College further elaborates on Russian information warfare doctrine. It notes that Russia sees information warfare as a "vital tool" that is employed across the spectrum of conflict, not just during wartime. The handbook also discusses Russia's efforts to develop specialized "Information Troops" to manage its information warfare campaigns.
"Russian Information Warfare: Implications for Deterrence Theory" from the Air University examines how Russia's defensive mindset and zero-sum mentality shape its information warfare concepts. It explains Russia's view of the global information space as a threat to its sovereignty that must be defended against.
Russia's Information Warfare" from the Marine Corps University provides additional context on the ideological foundations and strategic thinking behind Russia's approach to information warfare. However, it notes that Russia's own doctrinal publications on how it conducts information warfare operations are not publicly available.
Russia conceptualizes information warfare as a continuous, asymmetric tool for advancing its political and security interests, in contrast to the more limited U.S. view of "information operations."
Sources: [1] https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/AD1098323.pdf
[2] https://css.ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/gess/cis/center-for-securities-studies/resources/docs/NDC%20fm_9.pdf
[3] https://www.airuniversity.af.edu/Portals/10/SSQ/documents/Volume-12_Issue-3/Ajir.pdf
[4]https://www.usmcu.edu/Portals/218/CAOCL/files/RussiasInformationWarfare_MCUJ_Fall2019.pdf?ver=2019-11-19-093543-040
[5] https://www.gmfus.org/sites/default/files/Russia%20disinformation%20CEE%20-%20June%204.pdf
HYBRID WARFARE
Hybrid warfare integrates conventional military tactics with unconventional methods, including political, economic, informational, and cyber means to achieve strategic objectives. In hybrid warfare combines both traditional military force and non-traditional tactics, often blurring the lines between war and peace, state and non-state actors, and military and civilian domains.
Key features of hybrid warfare include:
1. Multi-Domain Operations: Hybrid warfare operates across multiple domains, including land, sea, air, space, and cyberspace. Adversaries seek to exploit vulnerabilities in each domain to achieve their objectives.
2. Asymmetric Tactics: Hybrid warfare often involves the use of asymmetric tactics, where weaker actors leverage unconventional means to offset the strengths of more powerful adversaries. This can include guerrilla warfare, terrorism, and cyber attacks.
3. Information Operations: Information plays a central role in hybrid warfare, with adversaries using propaganda, disinformation, and psychological operations to shape perceptions, manipulate public opinion, and undermine confidence in government institutions.
4. Proxy Forces and Irregular Warfare: Hybrid warfare frequently employs proxy forces, irregular militias, and paramilitary groups to conduct operations on behalf of state actors. These groups provide deniability and allow adversaries to maintain a degree of ambiguity in their actions.
5. Cyber Operations: Cyber warfare is a hallmark of hybrid warfare, with adversaries using cyber attacks to disrupt infrastructure, steal sensitive information, and undermine the functioning of critical systems.
6. Political and Economic Coercion: Hybrid warfare involves leveraging political and economic tools, such as sanctions, trade restrictions, and diplomatic pressure, to coerce adversaries and achieve strategic objectives without resorting to open conflict.
U.S. VIEWS ON RUSSIAN INFORMATION WARFARE
Russia conceptualizes information warfare as a continuous, asymmetric tool for advancing its political and security interests, in contrast to the more limited U.S. view of "information operations.
The RAND report "The Sources of Russian Information Warfare" provides a comprehensive overview of Russian information warfare concepts. It explains that Russia views information warfare as a continual tool for political advantage, not just during military conflicts. The report highlights how Russia's approach differs from the more limited U.S. conception of "information operations."[1]
The "Handbook of Russian Information Warfare" from the NATO Defense College further elaborates on Russian information warfare doctrine. It notes that Russia sees information warfare as a "vital tool" that is employed across the spectrum of conflict, not just during wartime. The handbook also discusses Russia's efforts to develop specialized "Information Troops" to manage its information warfare campaigns.
"Russian Information Warfare: Implications for Deterrence Theory" from the Air University examines how Russia's defensive mindset and zero-sum mentality shape its information warfare concepts. It explains Russia's view of the global information space as a threat to its sovereignty that must be defended against.[3]
"Russia's Information Warfare" from the Marine Corps University provides additional context on the ideological foundations and strategic thinking behind Russia's approach to information warfare. However, it notes that Russia's own doctrinal publications on how it conducts information warfare operations are not publicly available.[4]
Sources: [1] https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/AD1098323.pdf
[2] https://css.ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/gess/cis/center-for-securities-studies/resources/docs/NDC%20fm_9.pdf
[3] https://www.airuniversity.af.edu/Portals/10/SSQ/documents/Volume-12_Issue-3/Ajir.pdf
[4]https://www.usmcu.edu/Portals/218/CAOCL/files/RussiasInformationWarfare_MCUJ_Fall2019.pdf
[5] https://www.gmfus.org/sites/default/files/Russia%20disinformation%20CEE%20-%20June%204.pdf
DUGIN
Alexander Dugin is a Russian political philosopher and strategist who has developed a wide range of ideas on various topics, including politics, philosophy, geopolitics, culture, religion and modern warfare, including concepts similar to the Gerasimov Doctrine. Dugin's ideas are rooted in his interpretation of Eurasianism, which advocates for the geopolitical and cultural unity of Eurasian peoples under Russian leadership. Several key themes in Dugin's writings align with aspects of information and hybrid warfare tactics.
Eurasianism: Dugin places a strong emphasis on cultural and civilizational identity as a basis for geopolitical strategy. He argues that Russia's unique historical and cultural heritage distinguishes it from the West and provides a foundation for its role as a leader in Eurasia. Thus, Dugin is known for his advocacy of Eurasianism, a philosophical and political movement that seeks to promote unity between Russia and Europe while rejecting liberal democracy and Atlanticism. He argues that Eurasia, which includes Russia, Eastern Europe, and parts of Asia, should form its own distinct civilization and resist Western influence. Dugin sees the promotion of Eurasianism as a means of rallying support among neighboring states and fostering a sense of solidarity among Eurasian peoples.
The Fourth Political Theory: In his book "The Fourth Political Theory," Dugin proposes a new approach to politics that combines elements from fascism, communism, and national-conservatism. This theory emphasizes the importance of tradition, hierarchy, and authority and critiques modernity, individualism, and liberalism. Dugin's concept of the "Fourth Political Theory" proposes an alternative to liberal democracy, communism, and fascism, drawing on elements of traditionalism, nationalism, and anti-globalism. This theory emphasizes the need for a new ideological framework to guide states and societies in the post-Cold War era, which Dugin sees as marked by uncertainty and flux.
Neo-Eurasianism: Building upon his earlier work on Eurasianism, Dugin's neo-Eurasianism seeks to create a new geopolitical order in which Russia plays a central role as a bridge between East and West. This vision involves creating a multipolar world with multiple centers of power, challenging U.S. dominance, and fostering greater cooperation among nations. Dugin promotes the concept of a "Greater Eurasian Partnership," which envisions a geopolitical bloc encompassing Russia, China, Central Asia, and other Eurasian nations. This partnership aims to counterbalance Western influence, promote economic integration, and establish a new geopolitical order centered on Eurasian cooperation.
Traditionalism: Dugin often writes about traditionalism, an ideology that promotes adherence to established customs, beliefs, and practices. He believes that society should be organized around hierarchies and that individuals must submit to higher authorities.
Anti-globalism: Dugin criticizes globalization and what he sees as the homogenizing effects of Western cultural influence. He supports local traditions and cultures and encourages resistance against forces that seek to undermine them.
Geopolitics: Dugin emphasizes the importance of geopolitical struggle in shaping the global order. Dugin frequently discusses geopolitical issues, particularly regarding Russia's role in the world. He advocates for a strong military and strategic alliances with other nations to counterbalance NATO and ensure Russia's security. He views international relations as inherently competitive, with states vying for influence and power on the world stage. In this context, Dugin advocates for a proactive approach to defending and advancing Russia's interests, including through the use of military force and unconventional tactics.
Orthodox Christianity: As an adherent of Orthodox Christianity, Dugin often expresses views related to spirituality and faith. He sees Orthodoxy as a fundamental aspect of Russian identity and culture and advocates for a closer relationship between church and state.
Critique of Modernity: Dugin is critical of modernity, viewing it as a destructive force that erodes traditional values and leads to societal decay. He blames modernity for many contemporary problems, such as consumerism, environmental degradation, and moral relativism.
Support for Authoritarian Leaders: Dugin has expressed support for authoritarian leaders like Vladimir Putin and Bashar al-Assad, praising their efforts to consolidate power and restore national sovereignty.
Opposition to Liberal Democracy: Dugin strongly opposes liberal democracy, seeing it as a flawed system that prioritizes individual freedoms over social cohesion and stability. Instead, he advocates for a more authoritarian model that emphasizes community interests above those of the individual.
Ethnopluralism: Dugin's concept of ethnopluralism recognizes the diversity of ethnic groups within a nation and suggests that each group should have autonomy and self-determination. However, this idea does not necessarily imply support for multiculturalism or immigration policies.
Economic Nationalism: Dugin favors economic nationalism, urging countries to protect domestic industries and resources rather than submitting to global market forces. He also advocates for increased state control over strategic sectors like energy and transportation.
Anti-Americanism: Dugin frequently criticizes American foreign policy and perceives the United States as a threat to Russian and European interests. He accuses America of promoting imperialism, exceptionalism, and a false universalism that undermines regional identities.
Multipolarity: Dugin criticizes the unipolar world order dominated by the United States and advocates for a multipolar system characterized by the coexistence of multiple centers of power. He sees Russia as a key player in this emerging multipolar order and calls for strategic alliances with other major powers, including China and Iran, to counterbalance Western hegemony.
Intellectual Influences: Dugin draws inspiration from various thinkers, including Carl Schmitt, Martin Heidegger, Julius Evola, and René Guénon. His ideas also resonate with certain far-right movements across Europe and the Americas.
Hybrid Warfare: Dugin acknowledges the importance of hybrid warfare and information operations in modern conflict. He views these tactics as essential for challenging Western dominance and achieving strategic objectives without resorting to open warfare. Dugin advocates for the use of disinformation, cyber attacks, and other asymmetric methods to undermine adversaries and shape the global narrative in Russia's favor.
Overall, Alexander Dugin's ideas on modern warfare reflect a blend of geopolitical realism, cultural traditionalism, and strategic innovation. Some of Dugin's opinions are highly controversial, such as his endorsement of conspiracy theories (e.g., 9/11 was an inside job), anti-Semitic rhetoric, and support for right-wing extremist groups. These stances have led to criticism and accusations of fascism. Dugin's views do not align perfectly with the Gerasimov Doctrine or official Russian military strategy, but do contribute to broader discussions on Russia's role in the world and its approach to contemporary security challenges.
Gerasimov Doctrine
The "Gerasimov Doctrine," named after Russian General Valery Gerasimov, refers to a concept of modern warfare that emphasizes the integrated use of military, political, economic, and informational instruments to achieve strategic objectives. Although not official Russian doctrine, Gerasimov's writings and speeches have articulated a vision of conflict in the 21st century that has had significant implications for Russia's military strategy and its approach to international affairs.
Gerasimov's doctrine reflects a recognition of the evolving nature of warfare in the modern era. Instead of relying solely on conventional military force, contemporary conflicts are characterized by the use of a wide range of non-military tools and tactics to achieve strategic goals.
One of the central tenets of the Gerasimov Doctrine is the blurring of lines between war and peace, military and non-military domains, and internal and external threats. This blurring allows for the use of ambiguous tactics, such as proxy warfare, cyber attacks, and disinformation campaigns, to achieve strategic objectives without triggering a conventional military response.
Information warfare plays a central role in the Gerasimov Doctrine. Gerasimov emphasizes the importance of shaping the information environment to influence perceptions, manipulate public opinion, and undermine the cohesion of adversaries. This includes the use of propaganda, disinformation, and psychological operations to create confusion, sow discord, and weaken the resolve of opponents.
The Gerasimov Doctrine advocates for the use of hybrid warfare tactics, which combine conventional military operations with unconventional methods, such as cyber attacks, economic coercion, and political subversion. By employing a combination of military and non-military means, Russia can achieve its objectives while maintaining plausible deniability and avoiding direct confrontation with stronger adversaries.
Gerasimov's writings emphasize the concept of non-linear warfare, in which conflicts unfold across multiple domains simultaneously, including military, political, economic, and informational. This approach allows Russia to exploit vulnerabilities in adversary systems and institutions, creating instability and weakening their ability to respond effectively.
The Gerasimov Doctrine advocates for a proactive approach to defense, in which Russia seeks to deter potential adversaries by demonstrating its capability and willingness to respond to threats with a range of military and non-military tools. This includes conducting exercises, deploying forces, and employing coercive diplomacy to signal resolve and deter aggression.
In addition to traditional military operations, the Gerasimov Doctrine emphasizes the use of unconventional tactics, such as cyber warfare, irregular warfare, and hybrid warfare, to achieve strategic objectives. These tactics allow Russia to exploit weaknesses in adversary defenses and achieve asymmetrical advantages without engaging in direct conflict.
A key aspect of the Gerasimov Doctrine is the use of influence operations to shape the perceptions and behavior of foreign populations. This includes the dissemination of propaganda, the manipulation of social media, and the cultivation of sympathetic political actors to advance Russia's interests and undermine those of its adversaries.
The Gerasimov Doctrine reflects Russia's ambition to project power and influence on the global stage. By leveraging its military capabilities, economic resources, and information warfare tools, Russia seeks to challenge the existing international order and assert its interests in regions of strategic importance.
The Gerasimov Doctrine represents a comprehensive vision of modern warfare that emphasizes the integrated use of military, political, economic, and informational instruments to achieve strategic objectives. It reflects Russia's adaptation to the changing nature of conflict in the 21st century and its willingness to employ a wide range of tactics to advance its interests in an increasingly competitive and contested global environment.
Don’t worry.
You’re next.